Direction (1-3): In each questions below is given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.
Give answer
(a) if only Assumption I is implicit.
(b) if only Assumption II is implicit.
(d) if neither Assumption I nor II is implicit.
(e) if both Assumption I and II are implicit.
Q1.Statement: The school authority has decided to give five grace marks in English to all the students of Std IX as the performance of these students in English was below expectation.
Assumptions:
I. Majority of the students of Std. IX may still fail in English even after giving grace marks.
II. Majority of the students of Std. may now pass in English after giving grace marks.
S1. Ans.(b)
Sol. Assumption I is not implicit because it is wrongly assumed.
Assumption II is implicit because the School authority assume that giving grace marks will lead to positive result.
S1. Ans.(b)
Sol. Assumption I is not implicit because it is wrongly assumed.
Assumption II is implicit because the School authority assume that giving grace marks will lead to positive result.
Q2. Statement: In view of the large number of case of suicides committed by the farmers in State X the State Government has decided to waive off the agricultural loans granted to the farmers.
Assumptions:
I. This may stop further cases of suicides committed by the farmers in State X.
II. This move of the Government may be welcomed by the public at large.
S2. Ans.(e)
Sol. Assumption I is implicit because it serves the purpose of waiving off the agricultural loans.
Assumption II is implicit because it is assumed that decision of the Government may welcomed.
S2. Ans.(e)
Sol. Assumption I is implicit because it serves the purpose of waiving off the agricultural loans.
Assumption II is implicit because it is assumed that decision of the Government may welcomed.
Q3. Statement: The municipal authority blocked movement of traffic around the temple on the main festival day.
Assumptions:
I. Very large number of devotees may visit the temple on the main festival day.
II. People travelling to the areas near the temple may postpone their journey by a day unless they have very urgent work in that area.
S3. Ans.(e)
Sol. Assumption I is implicit because it states the reason of blocking the traffic on the main festival day.
Assumption II is also implicit because it is positively assumed (Positive thinking).
S3. Ans.(e)
Sol. Assumption I is implicit because it states the reason of blocking the traffic on the main festival day.
Assumption II is also implicit because it is positively assumed (Positive thinking).
Directions (4-6): In each question below is given a statement followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then consider the two conclusions together and decide which of them logically follows beyond a reasonable doubt from the information given in the statement.
Give answer:
(a) if only conclusion I follows;
(b) if only conclusion II follows;
(c) if either I or II follows;
(d) if neither I nor II follows; and
(e) if both I and II follow.
Q4. Statement: Morning walk is good for health.
Conclusions:
I. All healthy people go for morning walk.
II. Evening walk is harmful.
S4. Ans.(d)
Sol. Conclusion I does not follow because the given statement does not mention anything about healthy people.
Conclusion II also does not follow as nothing is mentioned about evening walk in the given statement.
S4. Ans.(d)
Sol. Conclusion I does not follow because the given statement does not mention anything about healthy people.
Conclusion II also does not follow as nothing is mentioned about evening walk in the given statement.
Q5. Statement: Fortune favors the brave.
Conclusions:
I. Risks are necessary for success.
II. Cowards die many times before their death.
S5. Ans.(d)
Sol. Conclusion I does not follow because in the statement there is not mention about the risk and success. The statements talks about the fortune and brave.
Conclusion II does not follow because it is vague.
Sol. Conclusion I does not follow because in the statement there is not mention about the risk and success. The statements talks about the fortune and brave.
Conclusion II does not follow because it is vague.
Q6. Statement: Irregularity is a cause for failure in exams. Some regular students fail in the examinations.
Conclusions:
I. All failed students are regular.
II. All successful students are not regular.
S6. Ans.(d)
Sol. Conclusion I does not follow because of the word ‘All’.
Conclusion II also does not follow because of the word ‘All’.
S6. Ans.(d)
Sol. Conclusion I does not follow because of the word ‘All’.
Conclusion II also does not follow because of the word ‘All’.
Directions (7-9): In each question below given statements followed by two courses of action numbered I and II. On the basis of the information given in the statement, you have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then decide which of the suggested courses of action logically follow(s) for pursuing.
Give answer:
(a) if only I follows.
(b) if only II follows.
(c) if either I or II follows.
(d) if neither I nor II follows.
(e) if both I and II follow.
Q7. Statement: Youngsters are often found staring at obscene posters.
Courses of action:
I. Children should be punished and penalized if they are found doing so.
II. Any display of such material should be banned.
S7. Ans.(b)
Sol. According to the statement, youngsters are staring at obscene posters. Course of action I is not a judicious step in dealing such a problem. So, display of obscene material should be banned because it create, unhealthy imprints on the impressionable fragile minds of youngsters.
Therefore, only course of action II is appropriate and follows.
S7. Ans.(b)
Sol. According to the statement, youngsters are staring at obscene posters. Course of action I is not a judicious step in dealing such a problem. So, display of obscene material should be banned because it create, unhealthy imprints on the impressionable fragile minds of youngsters.
Therefore, only course of action II is appropriate and follows.
Q8. Statement: There has been a significant drop in the water level of all the lakes supplying water to the city.
Courses of action:
I. The water supply authority should impose a partial cut in supply to tackle the situation.
II. The government should appeal to all the residents through mass media for minimal use of water.
S8. Ans.(e)
Sol. Both the courses of action I and II are suitable for pursuing.
Course of action I is advisable because partial cut in supply will be useful during water crisis.
Course of action II is also advisable because minimal use of water by people will help conserve water.
Therefore, both the course of action I and II is appropriate and logically follows.
S8. Ans.(e)
Sol. Both the courses of action I and II are suitable for pursuing.
Course of action I is advisable because partial cut in supply will be useful during water crisis.
Course of action II is also advisable because minimal use of water by people will help conserve water.
Therefore, both the course of action I and II is appropriate and logically follows.
Q9. Statement: A very large number of students have failed in the final high school examination due to wrong questions in one of the subjects.
Courses of action:
I. All the students who have failed in that subject should be allowed to take supplementary examination.
II. All those who are responsible for the error an enquiry should be initiated to find out the facts.
S9. Ans.(e)
Sol. Both the courses of action are suitable for pursuing.
All the failed students should be allowed to take supplementary examination because they should not be made to suffer on account of wrong questions in the examination paper.
Also, disciplinary action should be taken against the persons responsible for wrong question paper to prevent re-occurrence of such a blunder in the future.
Therefore, both the courses of action I and II are appropriate and follows.
S9. Ans.(e)
Sol. Both the courses of action are suitable for pursuing.
All the failed students should be allowed to take supplementary examination because they should not be made to suffer on account of wrong questions in the examination paper.
Also, disciplinary action should be taken against the persons responsible for wrong question paper to prevent re-occurrence of such a blunder in the future.
Therefore, both the courses of action I and II are appropriate and follows.
Directions (10-12): Each question below is followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments is a ‘strong’ argument and which is a ‘weak’ argument.
Give answer:
(a) if only argument I is strong.
(b) if only argument II is strong.
(c) if either I or II is strong.
(d) if neither I nor II are strong.
(e) if both I and II are strong.
Q10. Statement: Should the teenagers be denied access to the Internet?
Arguments:
I. Yes, most of the children, particularly the teenagers, are found indulging in accessing pornographic contents.
II. No, denying access to the Internet would mean denying access to a lot of useful information; instead the access may be controlled.
S10. Ans.(b)
Sol. Argument I is weak because pornographic contents creates a bad impact on teenagers which is undesirable but we have to create a mechanism by which teenagers can not access pornographic contents on the internet.
Argument II is strong because it states genuine reason.
S10. Ans.(b)
Sol. Argument I is weak because pornographic contents creates a bad impact on teenagers which is undesirable but we have to create a mechanism by which teenagers can not access pornographic contents on the internet.
Argument II is strong because it states genuine reason.
Q11. Statement: Should computer education be made a compulsory subject at school level by the Government?
Arguments:
I. No, it may be difficult to teach computers in the schools located in rural parts of the country.
II. Yes, it is difficult to function without computer in the era of modernization.
S11. Ans.(b)
Sol. Argument I is weak because it does not state genuine reason.
Argument II is strong because it is true.
S11. Ans.(b)
Sol. Argument I is weak because it does not state genuine reason.
Argument II is strong because it is true.
Q12. Statement: should graduation be made minimum educational qualification for entry-level jobs in any public sector organisation?
Arguments:
I. yes, graduates always perform better than non-graduates by virtue of their higher level of education.
II. No, there are quite a few people who cannot afford to remain unemployed till the completion of graduation and are capable of performing equally well as the graduate candidates.
S12. Ans.(d)
Sol. Argument I is weak because it is not necessarily true.
Argument II is also weak because it is vague.
S12. Ans.(d)
Sol. Argument I is weak because it is not necessarily true.
Argument II is also weak because it is vague.
Directions (13-15): Below in each question are given two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statement. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choices correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
Mark answer
(a) if statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
(b) if statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
(c) if both the statements I and II are independent causes.
(d) if both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
(e) if both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Q13. I. Computer education has been made compulsory for all the classes by many schools.
II. The current job market prefers computer-literate workforce.
S13. Ans.(b)
Sol. Job market is an important consideration in determining the curriculum of schools.
S13. Ans.(b)
Sol. Job market is an important consideration in determining the curriculum of schools.
Q14. I. All domestic airlines increased the fares in all sectors with immediate effect.
II. Railways increased the fare of all its classes with immediate effect.
S14. Ans.(e)
Sol. Hike in fuel prices seems to be the common cause.
S14. Ans.(e)
Sol. Hike in fuel prices seems to be the common cause.
Q15. I. Recent floods in the area changed the nutritional contents of the soil.
II. Farmers in the area switched over to cultivating rice instead of wheat.
S15. Ans.(a)
Sol. The farmers’ decision is apparently an effect of change in the soil.
S15. Ans.(a)
Sol. The farmers’ decision is apparently an effect of change in the soil.
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